{"id":34850,"date":"2026-09-22T12:03:10","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T10:03:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/?page_id=34850"},"modified":"2026-09-23T14:10:54","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T12:10:54","slug":"the-case-for-a-dutch-energy-ombudsman","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/the-case-for-a-dutch-energy-ombudsman\/","title":{"rendered":"The Case for a Dutch Energy Ombudsman"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide has-alt-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 id=\"klimaatverandering-gender\" class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-subheading\">The Case for a Dutch Energy Ombudsman<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-subheading has-primary-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">Access to justice in the Netherlands<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>REPORT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/carlos-villase\u00f1or-137a151a7\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"linkedin.com\/in\/carlos-villase\u00f1or-137a151a7\">Carlos Villase\u00f1or<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">June 2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"641\" data-src=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Carlos-Villasenor.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32275 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 640px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 640\/641;aspect-ratio:1;width:175px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Carlos-Villasenor-80x80.jpeg 80w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Carlos-Villasenor-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Carlos-Villasenor-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Carlos-Villasenor.jpeg 640w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/carlos-villase\u00f1or-137a151a7\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/carlos-villase\u00f1or-137a151a7\">Carlos Villase\u00f1or<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-mail wp-block-social-link\"><a href=\"mailto:%20info@75inQ.com\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19,5H5c-1.1,0-2,.9-2,2v10c0,1.1.9,2,2,2h14c1.1,0,2-.9,2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm.5,12c0,.3-.2.5-.5.5H5c-.3,0-.5-.2-.5-.5V9.8l7.5,5.6,7.5-5.6V17zm0-9.1L12,13.6,4.5,7.9V7c0-.3.2-.5.5-.5h14c.3,0,.5.2.5.5v.9z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">E-mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-default has-xs-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Citation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-default has-xs-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Villase\u00f1or, C. (2026) A Case for a Dutch Energy Ombudsman.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1414\" height=\"2000\" data-src=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Covers-A4-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-34857 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Covers-A4-1-212x300.png 212w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Covers-A4-1-724x1024.png 724w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Covers-A4-1-768x1086.png 768w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Covers-A4-1-1086x1536.png 1086w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Covers-A4-1.png 1414w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1414px) 100vw, 1414px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1414px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1414\/2000;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-7d812b4c wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\" style=\"--button-secondary-background:var(--color-primary);--button-secondary-background-hover:#bc2615;--button-border-radius:50px;\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button button-secondary   wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1ybyJ0wBmMnwQ171__-a0TgynkUUr5K-v\/view\" style=\"border-radius:50px\">Download Thesis<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center alignfull has-alt-background-color has-background\">The Case for a Dutch Energy Ombudsman<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Executive Summary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Date<\/strong><\/td><td>June 2026<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Author<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/carlos-villase\u00f1or-137a151a7\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/carlos-villase\u00f1or-137a151a7\">Carlos Villase\u00f1or<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Supervisor<\/strong><\/td><td>Dr. Mari\u00eblle Feenstra<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center alignfull has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Netherlands is often held up as a model of resilience amid Europe&#8217;s recent energy crises, yet it lacks a national framework for recognizing, defining, and addressing energy poverty. This report argues that this gap, while currently masked by comparatively low energy poverty rates, leaves the country poorly positioned to confront emerging risks such as &#8220;hidden&#8221; energy poverty driven by underconsumption. Drawing on the EU-level evolution of energy poverty policy, including its underdeveloped gender dimension, the report situates the Dutch case within a broader regional context before turning to the country&#8217;s consumer protection and dispute resolution architecture. It shows that the existing system, anchored in self-regulation, the Authority for Consumers and Markets, and the Energy Disputes Committee, is geared toward individual complaint handling rather than systemic reform, and offers little insight into whether vulnerable groups can actually access it. Engaging with the literature on ombudspersons and access to justice, the report proposes a public energy ombudsperson as a mechanism to move beyond this narrow, reactive model. Rather than framing its mandate around consumer rights, such an institution should embed a substantive right to energy, encompassing access, affordability, and energy democracy, positioning it to pursue advocacy, education, and systemic change alongside individual redress. The report concludes that while the Netherlands&#8217; regulatory culture favors restraint, a rights-based public ombudsperson offers a viable path toward a more proactive, equitable national response to energy poverty.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center alignfull has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ACM (2013a) Establishment Act of the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets &#8211; Netherlands: ACM [Online]. 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(2022) \u2018Traditions and Plurality of Definitions in Thinking About Poverty\u2019, in Celemin, J.P. and Vel\u00e1zquez, G. (ed.) Inequities and Quality of Life in Argentina. Geography and Quality of Life in Argentina. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 1-20.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mashhoodi, B. and Bouman, T. (2023) \u2018Gendered geography of energy consumption in the Netherlands\u2019. Applied Geography, 154, pp. 1-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apgeog.2023.102936.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mulder, M. and Willems, B. (2019) \u2018The Dutch retail electricity market\u2019. Energy Policy, 127, pp. 228-239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enpol.2018.12.010<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mulder, P., Dalla Longa, F., Straver, K. (2023) \u2018Energy poverty in the Netherlands at the national and local level: A multi-dimensional spatial analysis\u2019. Energy Research &amp; Social Science, 96, pp. 1-16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.erss.2022.102892.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>O\u2019Brien, N.(2015) \u2018What Future for the Ombudsman\u2019. The Political Quarterly, 86(1), pp. 72-80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-923X.12138.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Petrova, S. and Simcock, N. (2019) \u2018Gender and energy: domestic inequities reconsidered\u2019, Social &amp; Cultural Geography, 22(6), pp. 849\u2013867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14649365.2019.1645200.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Salm, D. (2024) \u2018Fuel Poverty\u2019 and the Crisis of Welfare in Britain, 1970s\u20131980s, Available at: https:\/\/ghil.hypotheses.org\/2861#:~:text=The%20Rise%20of%20&#8217;Fuel%20Poverty&#8217;&amp;text=The%20term%20first%20emerged%20in,of%201973%E2%80%934%20and%201979 (Accessed: 14th June 2025).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shrestha, R.P., Mainali, B., Mokhtara, C. (2025) \u2018Bearing the Burden: Understanding the Multifaceted Impact of Energy Poverty on Women\u2019. Sustainability, 17(5), pp. 1-27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su17052143<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stojilovska, A. (2021) \u2018Energy poverty and the role of institutions: exploring procedural energy justice \u2013Ombudsman in focus\u2019, Journal of Environmental Policy &amp; Planning, 25(2), pp. 169\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1523908X.2021.1940895.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stojilovska, A. (2024) \u2018Fostering a democratic and socially just energy transition: How do Ombudspersons in Europe frame energy poverty?\u2019. Energy Research &amp; Social Science, 107, pp. 1-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.erss.2023.103363.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Teuwens, C.(2024) Effective, quick, and free access to justice: a faithful image of the Ombudsman? Belgium-Ku Leuven [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.law.kuleuven.be\/pub\/en\/staff\/00173033 (Accessed: 14th June 2025).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verhage, E.(2016) \u2018The Implementation of the Consumer ADR Directive in the Netherlands\u2019, in Cort\u00e9s, P. (ed.) The New Regulatory Framework for Consumer Dispute Resolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 229-250.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Widuto, A. (2023) Energy Poverty in the EU &#8211; European Parliament [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/BRIE\/2022\/733583\/EPRS_BRI(2022)733583_EN.pdf (Accessed: 14th June 2025)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zamfir, I. (2023) Gender aspects of energy poverty &#8211; European Parliament [Online]. Available at: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/cmsdata\/266210\/EPRS_ATA(2023)739349_EN.pdf (Accessed: 14th June 2025)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Villase\u00f1or, C. 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