{"id":34166,"date":"2025-09-27T15:09:22","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T13:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/?page_id=34166"},"modified":"2025-09-27T15:10:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T13:10:14","slug":"tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/","title":{"rendered":"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-social-warfare-social-warfare\"><div class=\"swp_social_panel swp_horizontal_panel swp_pill  swp_default_color_outlines swp_other_color_outlines swp_individual_full_color scale-70 scale-center\" data-min-width=\"1100\" data-float-color=\"#ffffff\" data-float=\"none\" data-float-mobile=\"none\" data-transition=\"slide\" data-post-id=\"34166\" ><div class=\"nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_twitter\" data-network=\"twitter\"><a class=\"nc_tweet swp_share_link\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Tool+to+Address+Energy+Poverty+in+Cameroon&url=https%3A%2F%2F75inq.com%2Fnl%2Fdiensten%2Fbibliotheek-gender-energie%2Ftool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon%2F&via=75inQ\" data-link=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Tool+to+Address+Energy+Poverty+in+Cameroon&url=https%3A%2F%2F75inq.com%2Fnl%2Fdiensten%2Fbibliotheek-gender-energie%2Ftool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon%2F&via=75inQ\"><span class=\"swp_count swp_hide\"><span class=\"iconFiller\"><span class=\"spaceManWilly\"><i class=\"sw swp_twitter_icon\"><\/i><span class=\"swp_share\">Tweet<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_linkedin\" data-network=\"linkedin\"><a class=\"nc_tweet swp_share_link\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/cws\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2F75inq.com%2Fnl%2Fdiensten%2Fbibliotheek-gender-energie%2Ftool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon%2F\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/cws\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2F75inq.com%2Fnl%2Fdiensten%2Fbibliotheek-gender-energie%2Ftool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon%2F\"><span class=\"swp_count swp_hide\"><span class=\"iconFiller\"><span class=\"spaceManWilly\"><i class=\"sw swp_linkedin_icon\"><\/i><span class=\"swp_share\">Share<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_facebook\" data-network=\"facebook\"><a class=\"nc_tweet swp_share_link\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2F75inq.com%2Fnl%2Fdiensten%2Fbibliotheek-gender-energie%2Ftool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon%2F\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2F75inq.com%2Fnl%2Fdiensten%2Fbibliotheek-gender-energie%2Ftool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon%2F\"><span class=\"swp_count swp_hide\"><span class=\"iconFiller\"><span class=\"spaceManWilly\"><i class=\"sw swp_facebook_icon\"><\/i><span class=\"swp_share\">Share<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide has-alt-background-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-subheading\" id=\"klimaatverandering-gender\">Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-subheading has-primary-color has-text-color\">Masters Thesis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Author:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/mpara-bongka\/\">Carine Bongka Mpara <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"247\" height=\"272\" data-src=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Mpara.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-34167 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 247px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 247\/272;object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/mpara-bongka\/\">Carine Bongka Mpara<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links aligncenter is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-mail  wp-block-social-link\"><a href=\"mailto:%20info@75inQ.com\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19,5H5c-1.1,0-2,.9-2,2v10c0,1.1.9,2,2,2h14c1.1,0,2-.9,2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm.5,12c0,.3-.2.5-.5.5H5c-.3,0-.5-.2-.5-.5V9.8l7.5,5.6,7.5-5.6V17zm0-9.1L12,13.6,4.5,7.9V7c0-.3.2-.5.5-.5h14c.3,0,.5.2.5.5v.9z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">E-mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-default has-xs-font-size\"><strong>Citation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-default has-xs-font-size\">Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1241\" height=\"1755\" data-src=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cover-Carine-Energy-Transition-thesis-final-copy1_page-0001.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-34169 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cover-Carine-Energy-Transition-thesis-final-copy1_page-0001-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cover-Carine-Energy-Transition-thesis-final-copy1_page-0001-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cover-Carine-Energy-Transition-thesis-final-copy1_page-0001-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cover-Carine-Energy-Transition-thesis-final-copy1_page-0001.jpg 1241w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1241px) 100vw, 1241px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1241px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1241\/1755;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1fb9aab6 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\" style=\"--button-border-radius:100px;\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link button wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Energy-Transition-thesis-final-copy1.pdf\" style=\"border-radius:100px\">Download Thesis<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-secondary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9d3f06764537669aae4d83daef23a98b\">Executive Summary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Date <\/strong><\/td><td>2025<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Author<\/strong><\/td><td>Carine Bongka Mpara <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Supervisors<\/strong><\/td><td>Dr. Rachel Guyet<br>Dr. Mari\u00eblle Feenstra<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-14269213638820ed6b49a9d932ebf5c2\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Securing access to sustainable and affordable energy remains a critical challenge in conflict-<br>affected regions worldwide. While global energy transitions have spurred the adoption of<br>renewable energy and policy reforms, energy poverty persists, particularly in sub-Saharan<br>Africa. Initially defined in the United Kingdom as a household\u2019s inability to afford adequate<br>heating, energy poverty now encompasses broader issues, including electricity access,<br>dependence on inefficient fuels, and the socioeconomic impacts of energy deprivation.<br>Despite energy being fundamental to economic growth and human development, 600 million<br>people in sub-Saharan Africa still lack access to modern energy services [1] .&nbsp; This lack of<br>access is not solely due to resource scarcity but is often exacerbated by political instability,<br>weak governance, poor infrastructure, and ongoing conflicts. Southern Cameroon, a region<br>experiencing ongoing conflict is faced with acute energy poverty. In these areas, energy<br>poverty manifests as the absence of sustainable, equitable, and reliable access to modern<br>services, as outlined by the World Economic Forum [2,3] . As a result, communities in the region<br>experience deep energy injustice and are forced to rely on inefficient and polluting energy<br>sources. Given the severity of energy poverty in these regions, this study aims to examine<br>whether Cameroon\u2019s current energy policies address the unique challenges in the southern<br>region using the energy trilemma: energy security, sustainability, affordability, and energy<br>justice, which emphasizes fair and equitable access to energy for all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-a119bb1a7a0cd6af608266890c0e361a\">History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cameroon has made significant commitments to extend and expand electricity access, with<br>strategic plans such as the National Development Strategic Plan (SND30) 2020-2030, to<br>increase electricity production and an ambitious goal of achieving universal access by 2035 [4] .<br>The country also aims to increase the energy mix by 25%, incorporating more renewable<br>sources into its grid. Despite these national efforts, the underdevelopment of centralized<br>electricity infrastructure and governance structure continues to pose challenges for many<br>underserved communities, particularly in remote areas and in conflict-affected regions.&nbsp;<br>One of the most pressing concerns is the situation in Southern Cameroon, where over 60% of<br>communities have been without electricity since 2018. In addition to this severe energy<br>poverty, weak telecommunication infrastructure further isolates residents, leaving them<br>without reliable network access and critical information. This continued lack of essential<br>services deepens their vulnerability, exacerbating socio-economic hardships. While broader<br>electrification strategies exist, little effort has been made to tailor energy policies to the unique challenges faced by the conflict-affected southern region. Against this, the central<br>question guiding this research is:&nbsp;<br>Does Cameroon\u2019s current energy policies take into consideration the specific energy<br>challenges of the Southern conflict in Cameroon?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-eeb3a486fed32366e14a40fd96fecc11\">Methodology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This study employed an analytical framework combining the Energy Trilemma and Energy<br>Justice principles to assess energy policies in Cameroon. The Energy Trilemma provides a<br>structured approach to evaluate policies based on energy security, affordability, and<br>sustainability, ensuring a balance between these competing priorities. However, Energy<br>Justice introduces a critical social perspective, highlighting fairness, inclusion, and equity in<br>policymaking beyond technical and economic considerations. Since policies in Cameroon<br>often reflect historical injustices and governance challenges, integrating both frameworks<br>allows for a comprehensive analysis of whether current policies and plans contains features<br>which can adequately address energy insecurity and inequalities in Southern Cameroon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-42f6434fe3decdd0d902158c77817705\">Results<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The analysis reveals that the policies lack targeted measures to address the unique energy<br>needs and mechanisms to restore energy access of the conflict affected Southern Cameroon.<br>It also fails to address historical injustices that persist in southern conflict regions as their<br>needs have not been recognized.<br>Additionally, it also reveals that this failure to recognize and address their unique energy<br>challenges is demonstrated by gaps in policy which are underlain by some root causes. They<br>include a path dependency approach resulting in a lack of political will, governance failures<br>such as fragmented institutional mandates, weak coordination, and insufficient transparency<br>which does allow for inclusive and sustainable development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-e778b25a2366f4c667532970fcd7cc22\">Recommendations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The analysis reveals that Cameroon faces complexities in the energy landscape and the<br>challenges posed by the conflict in the southern region; a comprehensive and unique<br>approach to energy governance and policy reform is necessary. To effectively address the root<br>causes of the gaps in the energy landscape and polices that affect access to sustainable and<br>equitable energy, including path dependency, lack of political will, and inadequate institutional frameworks, Cameroon can learn from countries that have experienced similar<br>challenges and have successfully implemented reforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Adopt a Post-Conflict Energy Reconstruction Framework and Establish a<br>Specialized Energy Task Force for the Southern Region<\/strong>: One potential approach is<br>to adopt a post-conflict reconstruction framework for the energy sector, similar to the one<br>implemented in Rwanda after the 1994 genocide. Rwanda&#8217;s experience in rebuilding its<br>energy infrastructure and promoting sustainable energy development [5,6] &nbsp;can provide valuable<br>insights for Cameroon. For example, Rwanda&#8217;s focus on decentralized energy solutions,<br>community participation, and renewable energy development can help Cameroon promote<br>energy access and sustainability in the southern conflict region. They can go about it by<br>establishing a special task ministry, force, or agency responsible for coordinating energy<br>development plans in the southern conflict region, where they would work together with the<br>local communities, stakeholders, and international organizations to identify areas of priority<br>for energy development, developed a specific energy plan and implement projects that<br>facilitate energy access and sustainability.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Implement Inclusive, Participatory Energy Planning<\/strong>: In addition to learning from<br>Rwanda&#8217;s experience, Cameroon can also benefit from adopting a more inclusive and<br>participatory approach to energy planning and decision-making. This can involve engaging<br>with local communities, stakeholders, and conflict-affected populations in the decision-<br>making process [5,6] .&nbsp; It can be done through a round table discussion to ensure that their needs<br>and priorities are taken into account in energy policy design for effective addressing and<br>implementation. Progress can be measured by the level of community engagement and<br>participation in energy decision-making, and checking the increase in energy access rates in<br>the southern conflict region.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prioritize Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building<\/strong>: To address the<br>challenges posed by path dependency and inadequate institutional frameworks, Cameroon<br>can prioritize institutional strengthening and capacity building in the energy sector. This can<br>involve establishing clear mandates and responsibilities for energy institutions, promoting<br>transparency and accountability, and investing in capacity-building programs for energy<br>officials and stakeholders.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prioritize Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building<\/strong>: To overcome the<br>silo approach and coordination challenges that hinders or delays energy development in<br>Cameroon and the impact in the southern conflict region, Cameroon can establish an inter-<br>ministerial coordination committee on energy development. This committee can call on<br>representatives from various government ministries and agencies, local communities, and<br>stakeholders to ensure a coordinated and integrated approach to energy planning and<br>decision-making. Promoting collaboration and coordination among different stakeholders in<br>Cameroon can ensure that energy policies and programs are designed and implemented in a<br>way that addresses the unique challenges and needs of the southern conflict region. It would<br>also help to avoid duplication of efforts among different government ministries and agencies,<br>leading to effective resource allocation.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Review and Revise the Electricity Law to Address Gaps<\/strong>: After considering the<br>above suggested steps, the government should review and revise the Electricity Law making<br>it to capture the gaps in the dimensions it lacks. To also ensure it is aligned with tools,<br>mechanisms and measures to address the energy needs of the southern conflict region.<br>Promoting access to sustainable energy development, and provides a framework for<br>decentralized energy solutions and community participation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Commit to a Holistic Strategy for Sustainable and Equitable Energy Access<\/strong>:<br>Adopting a post-conflict reconstruction framework, prioritize institutional strengthening,<br>establish an inter-ministerial coordination force, policy reform, and prioritizing inclusive and<br>sustainable energy development, Cameroon can promote equitable access to sustainable<br>energy in a just way, in the southern conflict region, and ensure that energy development<br>contributes to the country\u2019s overall development and stability.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignfull has-text-align-center has-secondary-color has-alt-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-0480d831848eb109139209552bbef08d\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>International Energy Agency. (n.d.). Africa. Retrieved from<br>https:\/\/www.iea.org\/regions\/africa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>World Economic Forum, &#8220;Energy Poverty Action,&#8221; (2010). Retrieved from<br>https:\/\/www.habitat.org\/emea\/about\/what-we-do\/residential-energy-efficiency-<br>households\/energy-poverty<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heffron, R. J., &amp; McCauley, D. (2025). Addressing energy poverty: Regional trends and examples of best practice. Energy for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.haw-hamburg.de\/fileadmin\/LS\/FTZ-NK\/PDF\/Publications\/2025-<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Economy, Planning and Regional Development. (2020). National Development Strategy 2020-2030: For Structural Transformation and Inclusive Development. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.effectivecooperation.org\/system\/files\/2022-01\/NATIONAL_DEVELOPMENT_STRATEGY_2020_2030.pdf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>World Bank. (2023). Rwanda: Energy Access and Quality Improvement Project. https:\/\/projects.worldbank.org\/en\/projects-operations\/project-detail\/P172594<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>USAID. (2023). Power Africa: Rwanda Energy Sector Overview. https:\/\/www.usaid.gov\/powerafrica\/rwanda<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":211,"featured_media":34174,"parent":20230,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"1":"page","2":"type-page","6":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon &#8226; 75inQ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon &#8226; 75inQ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"75inQ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/75inq\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-27T13:10:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"75inQ &#8226; Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@75inQ\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Geschatte leestijd\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon &#8226; 75inQ\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-09-27T13:09:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-27T13:10:14+00:00\",\"description\":\"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png\",\"width\":800,\"height\":600},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/sample-page\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Diensten\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Bibliotheek Gender &amp; Energie\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/diensten\\\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/\",\"name\":\"75inQ\",\"description\":\"Diversity in Energy\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"75inQ\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\",\"caption\":\"75inQ\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/75inq.com\\\/nl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/75inq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/75inQ\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/75inq\\\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon &#8226; 75inQ","description":"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/","og_locale":"nl_NL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon &#8226; 75inQ","og_description":"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon","og_url":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/","og_site_name":"75inQ","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/75inq","article_modified_time":"2025-09-27T13:10:14+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"75inQ &#8226; Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon","twitter_description":"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon","twitter_image":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png","twitter_site":"@75inQ","twitter_misc":{"Geschatte leestijd":"8 minuten"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/","url":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/","name":"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon &#8226; 75inQ","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png","datePublished":"2025-09-27T13:09:22+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-27T13:10:14+00:00","description":"Mpara, C.B. (2025) Energy Transition: A tool to address energy poverty in the Southern conflict Region in Cameroon","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"nl-NL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"nl-NL","@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Carine-Featured-ENG.png","width":800,"height":600},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/tool-to-address-energy-poverty-in-cameroon\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/sample-page\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Diensten","item":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Bibliotheek Gender &amp; Energie","item":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/diensten\/bibliotheek-gender-energie\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Tool to Address Energy Poverty in Cameroon"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/","name":"75inQ","description":"Diversity in Energy","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"nl-NL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/#organization","name":"75inQ","url":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"nl-NL","@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"","contentUrl":"","caption":"75inQ"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/75inq","https:\/\/x.com\/75inQ","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/75inq\/"]}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/34166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/211"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/34166\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20230"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/75inq.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}